Isostatic Press Devices and Processes for Cylindrical Solid-State Batteries

ABSTRACT

Various arrangements for compressing a cylindrical battery cell are presented herein. The cylindrical battery cell may be wrapped in a buffer material. The buffer material may then be compressed using a compression mechanism. The buffer material may uniformly distribute pressure applied to the buffer material to a curved sidewall of the cylindrical battery cell. The cylindrical battery cell may be heated while the buffer material is being compressed using the compression mechanism.

CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This Application is related to U.S. patent application Ser. No.16/217,002, entitled Hydraulic Isotropically-Pressurized BatteryModules,” filed on Dec. 11, 2018 and U.S. patent application Ser. No.16/217,010, entitled “Hydraulic Isostatic Press Processes forSolid-State Batteries”, filed on Dec. 11, 2018, the entire disclosuresof which are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes.

BACKGROUND

Certain types of battery cells function more effectively when asignificant amount of pressure has been applied to each battery cellprior to installation in a device which will be powered by the batterycell. The pressure may increase the amount of surface area in contactbetween an anode, a separator layer, and/or cathode or the pressure mayincrease the amount of surface area contact between an anode, anelectrolyte, and/or a cathode. Such pressure may be applied as part of amanufacturing process.

SUMMARY

Various arrangements for compressing a cylindrical battery cell arepresented herein. The cylindrical battery cell may be wrapped in abuffer material. The buffer material may have a halo-shapedcross-section. The buffer material may be compressed using a compressionmechanism. A first edge of the compression mechanism may be moved towarda second edge of the compression mechanism, thereby decreasing a volumeof a first cylindrical void within the compression mechanism. The buffermaterial may uniformly distribute pressure applied to the buffermaterial to a curved sidewall of the cylindrical battery cell. Thecylindrical battery cell may be heated, using a heating element, whilethe buffer material is being compressed using the compression mechanism.The compression mechanism may then be disengaged. After disengaging thecompression mechanism, the cylindrical battery cell may be removed fromthe buffer material, whereby the cylindrical battery cell is now asemi-activated cylindrical battery cell.

Embodiments of such a cylindrical battery cell may include one or moreof the following features: Compressing the buffer material using thecompression mechanism may include an extension of the compressionmechanism being actuated by a user to apply force. A temperature sensormay be installed between the buffer material and the cylindrical batterycell. Heating of the cylindrical battery cell may be controlled based ontemperature measurements made using the temperature sensor. The heatingelement may be located between the compression mechanism and the buffermaterial. The cylindrical battery cell may be a jelly-roll stylesolid-state battery cell. The buffer material may be compressed using apressure of between 0.1-10 MPa being applied to an outer perimeter ofthe buffer material. Heating the cylindrical battery cell may includethe heating element heating to between 60° C. and 250° C.

In some embodiments, a cylindrical battery press system is present. Ajelly-roll style solid-state cylindrical battery cell may be present.The system can include a compression mechanism that, when engaged,causes a first edge of the compression mechanism to be moved toward asecond edge of the compression mechanism, thereby decreasing a volume ofa first cylindrical void within the compression mechanism. The systemcan include a semi-rigid buffer material having a halo-shapedcross-section, the semi-rigid buffer material being installed within thefirst cylindrical void of the compression mechanism. The semi-rigidbuffer material may define a second cylindrical void within which thejelly-roll style solid-state cylindrical battery cell is installed. Thesystem can include a heating element that wraps around at least aportion of an outer perimeter of the semi-rigid buffer material and isconfigured to output heat while the compression mechanism is engaged.The system can include a support structure, wherein the second edge ofthe compression mechanism is anchored to the support structure such thatthe second edge does not move relative to the support structure when thecompression mechanism is engaged. In some embodiments, the compressionmechanism includes an extension to be actuated by a user, wherein theextension causes force to be applied to the compression mechanism tomove the first edge of the compression mechanism toward the second edgeof the compression mechanism.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment of a cylindrical battery press system.

FIG. 2 illustrates an embodiment of a cross-section of a disengagedcylindrical battery press system.

FIG. 3 illustrates an embodiment of a cross-section of an engagedcylindrical battery press system.

FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment of a method for using a cylindricalbattery press system to compress a cylindrical battery cell.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Certain types of battery cells may benefit from having pressure and heatapplied during or after the manufacturing process prior to installationin a system to be powered using the battery cells. The application ofpressure and heat may help increase the amount of surface in contactbetween the anode, solid electrolyte, and cathode of a solid-statebattery cell or the anode, separator, and cathode of a battery cell.

A battery cell may be a jelly-roll style battery cell. A jelly-rollbattery cell is made of multiple, flexible layers, which are layeredtogether then rolled into a cylindrical shape. The rolled layers of thejelly-roll style battery cell may then be inserted into a cylindricalhousing and contacts with the anode and cathode may be added. Thecylindrical housing may a flexible pouch. The pouch may not be rigid,therefore pressure applied to external surfaces of the pouch may betransferred to the internal layers. For non-solid-state batteries, aliquid or gel electrolyte may be added to the cylindrical housing andabsorbed into the anode, cathode, and separation layers.

Once the battery cell has been rolled and inserted into the pouch,pressure and heat may be applied to the battery cell to increase theamount of surface area contact between the rolled layers of the batterycell. Pressure and heat may be applied to the curved surface of thecylindrical pouch. Pressure and heat may not be applied to the bases (orends) of cylindrical pouch.

A cylindrical battery press system may be used that uniformly or nearlyuniformly distributes pressure along the curved sidewall of acylindrical pouch battery cell. While the pressure is being applied, thesystem may also apply heat. For instance, while a pressure between0.1-10 MPa is being applied by the system to the curved sidewall of thecylindrical battery pouch, the pouch may be heated to 100° C. orgreater. The system may uniformly or nearly uniformly distributepressure and heat onto the cylindrical sidewall of the battery cellwithout using a liquid to distribute the heat and pressure. Rather, abuffer material, which may be a heat-resistant rubber, may serve as aninterface between a compression mechanism and the battery cell. Thisbuffer material may help evenly distribute the pressure and heat to thebattery cell. By not using a liquid to distribute the heat and pressure,it may be easier to insert, remove, and clean (if needed at all) thebattery cell. When a liquid is used, the external surface of the batterycell may need to be dried thoroughly. Further, in systems that useliquid, the liquid may need to be cleaned, replaced, or replenishedoccasionally.

Additional detail regarding cylindrical battery press systems isprovided in relation to the figures. FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment ofa cylindrical battery press system 100. Cylindrical battery press system100 can include: compression mechanism 110; heating element 120; buffermaterial 130; cylindrical pouch battery cell (also referred to as“battery cell”) 140; temperature sensor 150; support structure 160; andplatform 170.

Compression mechanism 110 may be approximately cylindrical in shape andhave a cross-section that is similar to a halo. A gap along the curvedsidewall of compression mechanism 110 may be present. On either side ofthis gap is edge 111 and edge 112. By edge 111 being moved toward edge112, the volume within compression mechanism 110 may be decreased.Therefore, when edge 111 is away from edge 112, the volume withincompression mechanism is larger, allowing buffer material and/or batterycell 140 to be installed. When edge 111 is toward edge 112, the volumewithin compression mechanism 110 is smaller, thus applying pressure tobuffer material 130 and, through buffer material 130, to battery cell140.

Compression mechanism 110 may be formed from a semi-rigid material, suchas a hard rubber, plastic, or a layer of metal. Compression mechanism110 may be partially deformed by edge 111 being pushed or pulled towardedge 112. In some embodiments, edge 112 may be fixed to supportstructure 160. Edge 111 may be connected with an extension, such as ametal bar, that allows a user to manually push or pull the metal bar tomove edge 111 toward edge 112. In other embodiments, a hydraulic pump orelectric motor may be used to move edge 111 toward edge 112.

Buffer material 130 may be wrapped around battery cell 140. Buffermaterial 130 may be a semi-rigid material, such as heat resistantrubber. In some embodiments, buffer material 130 may be a rubber orother form of flexible skin that is filled with liquid. Buffer material130, when viewed as a cross-section, may generally be halo-shaped. Thishalo shape defines a void within its center, into which a battery cellcan be placed. Buffer material 130 may serve to transfer pressureapplied by compression mechanism 110 to battery cell 140. Buffermaterial 130 may help distribute the pressure applied by compressionmechanism 110 such that the pressure applied to the curved sidewall ofbattery cell 140 is uniform or nearly uniform. In some embodiments,buffer material 130 is first wrapped around battery cell 140. In someembodiments, buffer material 130 may be a sheet of buffer material inwhich battery cell is rolled. Therefore, the jelly-roll style batterycell may, in turn, be within a jelly-roll of buffer material. Buffermaterial 130 may be installed with compression mechanism 110.

Between buffer material 130 and compression mechanism 110, heatingelement 120 may be present. Heating element 120 may be generallycylindrical in shape and may have a gap along the curved sidewall thatmatches the gap of compression mechanism 110. Heating element 120 may bea resistive heater such that when current is applied to heating element120, heat is generated. In some embodiments, heating element 120 iscapable of heating up to 250° C. The amount of heat output by heatingelement 120 may be controlled based on the output of temperature sensor150. Temperature sensor 150 may be located between battery cell 140 andbuffer material 130. Therefore, temperature sensor 150 may indicate thetemperature at an external surface of battery cell 140. In someembodiments, it may be desirable for battery cell 140 to be heated to100° C. By applying a greater temperature using heating element 120, itmay be possible for battery cell 140 to be heated to 100° C. at itssurface quicker. An external heating controller (not pictured) mayreceive temperature measurements from temperature sensor 150 and controlthe amount of heat generated by heating element 120.

While edge 112 is fixed to support structure 160, which is in turn fixedto platform 170, edge 111 may remain free. By edge 111 remaining freefrom support structure 160 and platform 170, edge 111 may be movedtoward edge 112, thus slightly deforming compression mechanism 110. Whenforce is ceased to be applied to edge 111, compression mechanism 110 mayexpand back to a natural shape and pressure may cease being applied tobattery cell 140. It should be understood that the force applied to edge111 may be applied in the vicinity of edge 111 and not necessarilyprecisely on edge 111. However, the closer such force is applied to edge111, the more evenly distributed the pressure applied to buffer material130 may be. Similarly, it should be understood that edge 112 can bedirectly fixed to support structure 160, but rather a portion ofcompression mechanism 110 in a vicinity of edge 112 may be fixed tosupport structure 160. Again here, the portion of compression mechanism110 to edge 112 fixed to support structure 160, the more evenlydistributed the pressure applied to buffer material 130 may be.

Battery cell 140 may be a solid-state battery. The electrolyte layerused may be a Li-ion-conductive polymer, or sulfur/oxide basedsolid-state electrolyte. The power density of a battery cell that usessuch an electrolyte may be increased by a large amount of contact beingpresent between the electrolyte, the anode, and the cathode. In otherembodiments, a different type of battery cell 140 may be used.

FIG. 2 illustrates an embodiment of a cross-section 200 of a disengagedcylindrical battery press system. Cross-section 200 can represent across-section of cylindrical battery press system 100 of FIG. 1.Cross-section 200 represents an embodiment in which compressionmechanism 110 is disengaged. That is, little or no pressure is beingapplied by compression mechanism 110 to buffer material 130. Heatingelement 120 may be disengaged. Gap 201 is larger (relative to in FIG. 3)due to no force being applied to extension 210.

As can be seen in FIG. 2, there may be a slight air gap present betweenbattery cell 140 and inner surface 131 of buffer material 130. Force 220may be applied by a user pushing or pulling extension 210 toward edge112. In other embodiments, a hydraulic system or electric motor mayapply force to extension 210 or some other connection with compressionmechanism 110.

FIG. 3 illustrates an embodiment of a cross-section 300 of an engagedcylindrical battery press system. Cross-section 300 can represent across-section of cylindrical battery press system 100 of FIG. 1.Cross-section 300 can represent the embodiment of FIG. 2 when force isbeing applied to extension 210. Cross-section 300 represents anembodiment in which compression mechanism 110 is engaged. That is,pressure, such as between 0.1-10 MPa is being applied by compressionmechanism 110 to buffer material 130. Heating element 120 may beoutputting heat, such as between 60° C.-250° C. Gap 301 is smaller(relative to gap 201 in FIG. 2) due to the force being applied toextension 210.

In cross-section 300, extension 210 is moved by force 320 such that edge111 is closer to edge 112. This movement causes a decrease within avolume inside of compression mechanism 110. Compression mechanism 110,through heating element 120, applies pressure along an outer perimeterof buffer material 130. Buffer material 130 transfers this pressure, inan approximately uniform distribution indicated by pressure arrows 310,to battery cell 140. Therefore, battery cell 140 is being squeezed on anentirety of its curved cylindrical sidewall by buffer material 130. Thecloser that edge 111 is moved toward edge 112, the greater the amount ofpressure that may be created on buffer material 130 and, thus, thegreater the amount of pressure exerted on the curved sidewall of batterycell 140.

While pressure is being applied to battery cell 140, heat may be outputby heating element 120 and transferred to battery cell 140 via buffermaterial 130. An outer perimeter of buffer material 130 may be heated toa significantly higher temperature than to which battery cell 140 is tobe heated to heat battery cell 140 quicker.

Various methods may be performed using the systems detailed in relationto FIGS. 1-3. FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment of a method 400 for usinga cylindrical battery press system to compress a cylindrical batterycell. Method 400 may be performed using the system of FIGS. 1-3. Atblock 405, a pouch-style battery cell that is generally cylindrical inshape may be wrapped in a buffer material. The battery cell may be asolid state battery that has been put into a jelly-roll shape by rollingthe sheets of the battery cell together. To activate the battery cell,the battery cell may need to be pressed and heated to increase theamount of contact between the anode, cathode, and solid-state electrode.In some embodiments, the buffer material is a heat-resistant rubber. Thebuffer material may be in the form of a flexible sheet in which thebuffer material can be rolled. In other embodiments, the battery cellmay be slid into the buffer material, which is already in the form of acylinder with a center void to accommodate the battery cell.

At block 410, a temperature monitor may be installed near the surface ofthe battery cell. The temperature monitor may be wrapped in the buffermaterial while the battery cell is being wrapped. Alternatively, thetemperature monitor may be slid between the battery cell and the buffermaterial after the battery cell has been wrapped or inserted in thebuffer material. In still other embodiments, the temperature monitor maybe placed along an exposed base of the cylindrical battery cell suchthat the temperature monitor is not between the buffer material and thecurved sidewall of the cylindrical battery cell.

At block 415, a heating element may be activated to apply heat. In someembodiments, block 420 is performed either concurrently or before block415. The amount of heat applied may be controlled by measurements takenusing s temperature monitor. In some embodiments, it may be desired toheat a surface of the battery cell to between 60° C.-150° C. To do this,the heating element may be heated to between 60° C.-250° C. The heatingelement may evenly heat the buffer material such that the heat istransferred uniformly or nearly uniformly to the curved sidewall of thecylindrical battery cell.

At block 420, the compression mechanism may be engaged. Engagement ofthe compression mechanism can, in some embodiments, trigger the heatingelement to heat. In some embodiments, block 415 is performedconcurrently or after block 420. Engagement of the compression mechanismmay be performed by a user manually pushing or pulling a bar or otherform of extension attached to the compression mechanism. For instance,referring to FIG. 2, extension 210 may be rotated clockwise toward edge112. This movement may cause the internal volume of the compressionmechanism to be decreased. This decrease in volume will cause pressureto start being exerted, approximately uniformly, on the curved outersurface of the buffer material. In some embodiments, rather than a userapplying force manually, a motor, engine, or hydraulic system may engagethe compression mechanism. Since the heating element is located betweenthe compression mechanism and the buffer material, engagement of thecompression mechanism may increase the amount of contact between buffermaterial and the heating element. In some embodiments, a latch may bepresent such that once the compression mechanism is engaged, the latchcan be engaged to hold the compression mechanism in an engaged position.

At block 425, as the compression mechanism is engaged and squeezes thebuffer material, the buffer material may further uniformly distributethe compressive pressure to the cylindrical pouch-style battery cell.The battery cell may be squeezed with a pressure, such as between 0.1-10MPa around the entirety of its curved sideway (but not at each of itsbases). While the pressure is being applied, heat may be uniformly ornearly uniformly transferred to the battery cell through the buffermaterial. The heat may be controlled by a temperature controller basedon temperature measurements made by the temperature monitor. Thepressure of block 425 may continue to be applied for an amount of time,such as between 30 seconds and 5 minutes.

At block 430, pressure and heat may cease being applied. The compressionmechanism may be disengaged such that pressure ceases to be applied tothe buffer material by the compression mechanism, and thus, pressureceases being transferred to the battery cell. In some embodiments, theextension may be rotated counterclockwise or may cease having forceapplied to a clockwise direction. In some embodiments, a latch that isholding the compression mechanism in an engaged position may bereleased. The heating element may stop outputting heat as part of block430.

At block 435, the compressed battery cell may be removed from thecompression mechanism. If the compressed battery cell is wrapped withinthe buffer material, the buffer material may be unrolled or unwrappedsuch that the battery can be retrieved. In other embodiments, thebattery cell may be slid out of the cylindrical void at the center ofthe buffer material. The process of method 400 may then be performed onanother uncompressed battery cell. This compressed battery cell may nowbe considered “semi-activated.” To be fully activated, the battery cellmay need to be installed in a battery module that will provide at leastsome amount of pressure (greater than atmospheric pressure) and/or someamount of heat (greater than the ambient temperature).

The semi-activated battery may be installed within a sealable housing inwhich the battery cell is to be charged and discharged. This housing isseparate and distinct from the compression system used for method 400.The housing may function as part of a battery module. Such a sealablehousing may be located on-board a vehicle. Once the battery cell hasbeen installed within the sealable housing, the sealable housing may besealed with the battery cell. Liquid, such as oil, may be present withinthe sealable housing such that all or most of the space surrounding thebattery cell is occupied by liquid. After the battery cell is insertedinto the housing, the amount of liquid within the sealable housing maybe topped off or all of the liquid may be added.

The liquid within the housing may be pressurized, such as using a pump.Once the liquid has been pressurized to the desired pressure, thesealable housing may be sealed, possibly permanently. The battery cellmay now be considered activated. As such, the pressure may be retainedby virtue of the sealable housing preventing the pressure from escaping.The pressure created may be less pressure than the pressure applied atblock 420 of method 400. Similarly, the liquid within the housing may beheated, such as using one or more heating elements. The heat created maybe less than the heat applied at block 415 such that the operatingtemperature is below the temperature at which the battery was activatedat block 415. Heat may be applied to keep the battery within a desiredtemperature operating range.

The activated battery cell may then undergo charge and discharge cycles,such that the activated battery cell, which is within the isotropicpressurized environment, creates electricity that can be used to power asystem or device, such as an electric vehicle.

The methods, systems, and devices discussed above are examples. Variousconfigurations may omit, substitute, or add various procedures orcomponents as appropriate. For instance, in alternative configurations,the methods may be performed in an order different from that described,and/or various stages may be added, omitted, and/or combined. Also,features described with respect to certain configurations may becombined in various other configurations. Different aspects and elementsof the configurations may be combined in a similar manner. Also,technology evolves and, thus, many of the elements are examples and donot limit the scope of the disclosure or claims.

Specific details are given in the description to provide a thoroughunderstanding of example configurations (including implementations).However, configurations may be practiced without these specific details.For example, well-known circuits, processes, algorithms, structures, andtechniques have been shown without unnecessary detail in order to avoidobscuring the configurations. This description provides exampleconfigurations only, and does not limit the scope, applicability, orconfigurations of the claims. Rather, the preceding description of theconfigurations will provide those skilled in the art with an enablingdescription for implementing described techniques. Various changes maybe made in the function and arrangement of elements without departingfrom the spirit or scope of the disclosure.

Also, configurations may be described as a process which is depicted asa flow diagram or block diagram. Although each may describe theoperations as a sequential process, many of the operations can beperformed in parallel or concurrently. In addition, the order of theoperations may be rearranged. A process may have additional steps notincluded in the figure.

Having described several example configurations, various modifications,alternative constructions, and equivalents may be used without departingfrom the spirit of the disclosure. For example, the above elements maybe components of a larger system, wherein other rules may takeprecedence over or otherwise modify the application of the invention.Also, a number of steps may be undertaken before, during, or after theabove elements are considered.

What is claimed is:
 1. A cylindrical battery press system, comprising: acompression mechanism that, when engaged, causes a first edge of thecompression mechanism to be moved toward a second edge of thecompression mechanism, thereby decreasing a volume of a firstcylindrical void within the compression mechanism; a semi-rigid buffermaterial having a halo-shaped cross-section, the semi-rigid buffermaterial being installed within the first cylindrical void of thecompression mechanism, wherein the semi-rigid buffer material defines asecond cylindrical void within which a battery cell is configured to beinstalled; and a heating element that wraps around at least a portion ofan outer perimeter of the semi-rigid buffer material and is configuredto output heat while the compression mechanism is engaged.
 2. Thecylindrical battery press system of claim 1, wherein the compressionmechanism comprises an extension to be actuated by a user, wherein theextension causes force to be applied to the compression mechanism tomove the first edge of the compression mechanism toward the second edgeof the compression mechanism.
 3. The cylindrical battery press system ofclaim 1, further comprising: a support structure, wherein the secondedge of the compression mechanism is anchored to the support structuresuch that the second edge does not move relative to the supportstructure when the compression mechanism is engaged.
 4. The cylindricalbattery press system of claim 1, further comprising: a temperaturesensor configured to be inserted in the second cylindrical void betweenthe battery cell and the semi-rigid buffer material.
 5. The cylindricalbattery press system of claim 1, wherein the semi-rigid buffer materialis heat-resistant rubber.
 6. The cylindrical battery press system ofclaim 1, wherein the semi-rigid buffer material uniformly redistributespressure applied by the compression mechanism to the battery cell whenthe battery cell is installed within the second cylindrical void.
 7. Thecylindrical battery press system of claim 1, further comprising ajelly-roll style pouch battery, wherein the jelly-roll style pouchbattery is installed with the second cylindrical void.
 8. Thecylindrical battery press system of claim 1, wherein the compressionmechanism applies between 0.1 and 10 megapascals (MPa) of pressure tothe semi-rigid buffer material.
 9. The cylindrical battery press systemof claim 1, wherein the heating element heats to between 60° C. and 250°C.
 10. The cylindrical battery press system of claim 1, wherein thecompression mechanism comprises a motor that causes force to be appliedto the compression mechanism to move the first edge of the compressionmechanism toward the second edge of the compression mechanism.
 11. Amethod for compressing a cylindrical battery cell, the methodcomprising: wrapping the cylindrical battery cell in a buffer material,wherein the buffer material has a halo-shaped cross-section; compressingthe buffer material using a compression mechanism, wherein: a first edgeof the compression mechanism is moved toward a second edge of thecompression mechanism, thereby decreasing a volume of a firstcylindrical void within the compression mechanism; and the buffermaterial uniformly distributes pressure applied to the buffer materialto a curved sidewall of the cylindrical battery cell; heating thecylindrical battery cell, using a heating element, while the buffermaterial is being compressed using the compression mechanism;disengaging the compression mechanism; and after disengaging thecompression mechanism, removing the cylindrical battery cell from thebuffer material, whereby the cylindrical battery cell is now asemi-activated cylindrical battery cell.
 12. The method for compressingthe cylindrical battery cell of claim 11, wherein compressing the buffermaterial using the compression mechanism comprises an extension of thecompression mechanism being actuated by a user to apply force.
 13. Themethod for compressing the cylindrical battery cell of claim 11, furthercomprising: installing a temperature sensor between the buffer materialand the cylindrical battery cell.
 14. The method for compressing thecylindrical battery cell of claim 13, further comprising: controllingheating of the cylindrical battery cell based on temperaturemeasurements made using the temperature sensor.
 15. The method forcompressing the cylindrical battery cell of claim 14, wherein theheating element is located between the compression mechanism and thebuffer material.
 16. The method for compressing the cylindrical batterycell of claim 11, wherein the cylindrical battery cell is a jelly-rollstyle solid-state battery cell.
 17. The method for compressing thecylindrical battery cell of claim 11, wherein compressing the buffermaterial comprises a pressure of between 0.1-10 MPa being applied to thebuffer material.
 18. The method for compressing the cylindrical batterycell of claim 11, wherein heating the cylindrical battery cell comprisesthe heating element heating to between 60° C. and 250° C.
 19. Acylindrical battery press system, comprising: a jelly-roll stylesolid-state cylindrical battery cell; a compression mechanism that, whenengaged, causes a first edge of the compression mechanism to be movedtoward a second edge of the compression mechanism, thereby decreasing avolume of a first cylindrical void within the compression mechanism; asemi-rigid buffer material having a halo-shaped cross-section, thesemi-rigid buffer material being installed within the first cylindricalvoid of the compression mechanism, wherein the semi-rigid buffermaterial defines a second cylindrical void within which the jelly-rollstyle solid-state cylindrical battery cell is installed; a heatingelement that wraps around at least a portion of an outer perimeter ofthe semi-rigid buffer material and is configured to output heat whilethe compression mechanism is engaged; and a support structure, whereinthe second edge of the compression mechanism is anchored to the supportstructure such that the second edge does not move relative to thesupport structure when the compression mechanism is engaged.
 20. Thecylindrical battery press system of claim 1, wherein the compressionmechanism comprises an extension to be actuated by a user, wherein theextension causes force to be applied to the compression mechanism tomove the first edge of the compression mechanism toward the second edgeof the compression mechanism.